Satan's World — Poul Anderson

A ROGUE PLANET..
...frozen for a billion years by the cold of interstellar space, now boiling with titanic energies. Mysterious beings had kidnapped David Falkhayn, the celebrated explorer of new worlds. Why were they trying to prevent him, at all costs, from exploiting the devil planet's resources? The stakes are nothing less than the survival of the human race, and the sentient beings allied with it.